WASHINGTON: John Brennan, President Barack Obama’s nominee to head the CIA, had in-depth knowledge of the use of “enhanced interrogation techniques” on captured terrorism suspects during an earlier stint at the spy agency, sources familiar with official records said.
Those records, according to multiple sources, show that Brennan was a regular recipient of CIA message traffic about controversial aspects of the organizations’s counterterrorism program after September 2001, including the use of “waterboarding.”
How deeply Brennan was involved in the program, and whether he vigorously objected to it at the time – as he has said he did – are likely to be central questions lawmakers raise at his Senate Intelligence Committee confirmation hearing, scheduled for Feb. 7.
After he temporarily left government service in 2005, he publicly disavowed waterboarding, which simulates drowning, and other forms of torture.
The official records, which include raw CIA operational message traffic that still remains classified, do not show whether he opposed the techniques while at the spy agency, said the sources, who spoke on condition of anonymity. Brennan served as deputy executive director of the CIA beginning in 2001.
Some former officials familiar with deliberations over the program said they don’t recall Brennan voicing objections to the use of harsh interrogation techniques.
But other former officials say Brennan was among agency officials who were uncomfortable with the use of physically coercive tactics, despite the legal opinions that supported their use. Brennan expressed concern, according to these officials, that if details of the program became public, it would be CIA officers who would face criticism, rather than the politicians and lawyers who approved them.
“If John says he expressed reservations about some techniques, I believe him because he’s an honest guy,” said John McLaughlin, who was the CIA’s deputy director at the time.
“Mr. Brennan had significant concerns and personal objections to many elements of the EIT (enhanced interrogation techniques) program while it was under way,” a senior administration official said in response to Reuters’ inquiries. “He voiced those objections privately with colleagues at the agency.”
The question of whether and to what extent Brennan raised objections will be a focus of his confirmation hearing for Republican and Democratic senators alike.
“I have many questions and concerns about his nomination to be director of the Central Intelligence Agency, especially what role he played in the so-called enhanced interrogation programs while serving at the CIA during the last administration,” Senator John McCain, who was tortured during captivity in North Vietnam, said recently.
Under the CIA program, which largely ended before Obama took office, captured militants were detained and interrogated in a network of secret CIA prisons. Sometimes, they were delivered to foreign governments through an extralegal process called “extraordinary rendition.”
Three high-ranking Al-Qaeda leaders, including Khalid Sheikh Mohammad, the alleged mastermind of the Sept. 11 attacks on the United States in 2001, were waterboarded.
Because he was a regular recipient of operational traffic on the subject, Brennan’s name appears in a secret draft of a 6,000-page Senate Intelligence Committee investigative report on the program, sources familiar with that document said. They added, however, that he was cited in passing, not as a significant program supervisor or manager.
Brennan, who now works in the White House’s counterterrorism unit, played no role in the program’s “creation, execution or oversight,” the senior administration official said.
“[Brennan] was on hundreds if not thousands of messages a day regarding many different issues but his primary responsibility was ... helping manage the day-to-day running of the agency, to include support, logistics, IT, budget, personnel resources, facilities, IG [Inspector General] recommendations, and the like.”
This is the second time that Obama has sought to nominate Brennan to head the spy agency, and the second time that questions have arisen about his involvement in enhanced interrogation tactics when he was a CIA official during the administration of former President George W. Bush.
Brennan’s candidacy for the top CIA job was derailed over the issue despite being an early front-runner after Obama’s 2008 election victory.
He consequently withdrew his name from consideration and, in a letter to President-elect Obama, said he had been a “strong opponent” of Bush-era policies, including the Iraq war and coercive interrogation techniques.
Brennan went on to become Obama’s White House counterterrorism adviser. Obama issued an executive order banning the techniques shortly after taking office.
Barring unexpected revelations, most political handicappers believe Brennan will be confirmed as CIA director this time.